Malkauns is a raga in Indian classical music

Malkauns is a raga in Indian
classical music . It is one of the
most ancient ragas of Indian
classical music. [1] The equivalent
raga in Carnatic music is called
Hindolam, not to be confused
with the Hindustani Hindol.
Etymology
The name Malkaush is derived
from the combination of Mal and
Kaushik, which means he who
wears serpents like garlands —
the god Shiva. However, the
Malav-Kaushik mentioned in
classical texts does not appear to
be the same as the Malkauns
performed today. [2] The raga is
believed to have been created by
goddess Parvati (the wife of
Shiva ) to calm Shiva, when the
lord Shiva was outraged and was
not calming down after Tandav in
rage of Sati 's sacrifice.
Malkaush belongs to Shaivait
musical school; in fact most
pentatonic ragas belong to
Shaivait musical school. [1]
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Arohana and Avarohana
Malkauns belongs to the Bhairavi
thaat . Its notes are Sa, komal Ga,
shuddh Ma, komal Dha, and
komal Ni. In Western classical
notation, its notes can be
denoted as: tonic, minor third,
perfect fourth, minor sixth and
minor seventh. In raga Malkauns,
Rishabh (Re - second) and
Pancham (Pa - perfect fifth) are
completely omitted. Its jaati is
audav-audav (five-five, that is,
pentatonic).
Arohana : 'n S g m d n S'
Avarohana : S' n d m g m g S, or
S' n d m g S
The ga used is actually ga
Sadharan (the rough minor third),
316 cent above Sa [3]
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Vadi and Samavadi
The vadi swara is Madhyam (Ma)
while the Samavadi swara is
Shadaj (Sa).
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Pakad or Chalan
Pakad: 'n S g m g S 'n S 'd 'n 'd 'm
'd 'n S